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1.
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1535002

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To measure the costs of preventive and therapeutic protocols of Photobiomodulation (PBM) for oral mucositis (OM) and their budgetary impact on Brazil's Ministry of Health (BMH). Material and Methods: A partial economic analysis was performed to estimate the costs using a bottom-up approach from a social perspective. Monetary values were assigned in Brazilian reais (BRL). The costs of the preventive protocol were calculated for five, 30, and 33 consecutive PBM sessions, depending on the antineoplastic treatment instituted. The costs of the therapeutic protocol were calculated for 5 or 10 sessions. The annual financial and budgetary impact was calculated considering the groups of oncologic patients with a higher risk of development of OM, such as those with head and neck and hematological cancer and pediatric patients. Results: The cost of a PBM session was estimated at BRL 23.75. The financial impact of providing one preventive protocol per year for all oncologic patients would be BRL 14,282,680.00, 0.030% of the estimated budget for hospital and outpatient care of the BMH in 2022. The financial and budgetary impacts of providing one treatment for OM for all patients in one year would be BRL 2,225,630.31 (0.005%, most optimistic scenario) and BRL 4,451,355.63 (0.009%, most pessimistic scenario). Conclusion: The budgetary impact of implementing PBM protocols in the Brazilian Healthcare System is small, even in a pessimistic scenario.


Subject(s)
Stomatitis/etiology , Oncology Service, Hospital , Models, Economic , Low-Level Light Therapy/instrumentation , Unified Health System , Brazil/epidemiology , Oral Health
2.
Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing ; (36): 721-728, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-990244

ABSTRACT

Objective:To investigate the current situation of clinical practice of cancer chemotherapy-related gastrointestinal symptoms (CGIS) management among oncology nurses in Ningxia, and to explore the correlation between CGIS management and nurses′ knowledge and attitude and medical and nursing cooperation, so as to provide evidence for improving the clinical practice of cancer patients CGIS management among oncology nurses in Ningxia.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study. From January 25 to 31, 2021, the general data questionnaire and the questionnaire of clinical practice of CGIS management for cancer patients were used to survey 289 nurses in oncology department in Ningxia.Results:The scores of medical and nursing cooperation, CGIS knowledge, attitude, and CGIS management clinical practice activities of nurses in oncology department were (24.94 ± 3.20), (20.19 ± 3.82), (52.19 ± 6.17) and (129.93 ± 36.33) points, respectively. Among the scores of CGIS management clinical practice activities, gastrointestinal symptoms evaluation dimension scored the lowest, and the highest was CGIS health education dimension. There was a significant positive correlation between the scores of clinical practice of CGIS management of cancer patients and the scores of knowledge and attitude of oncology nurses ( r values were 0.225-0.293, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The clinical practice of cancer patients′CGIS management by oncology nurses needs to be improved, especially the evaluation of cancer patients′CGIS by oncology nurses. Nursing managers should formulate the activity guide of CGIS management clinical practice as soon as possible, strengthen the training of nurses′ relevant knowledge, and provide nurses with appropriate evaluation tools to improve the clinical practice of CGIS management.

3.
Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing ; (36): 53-58, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-990137

ABSTRACT

Objective:To describe current status and analyze influencing factors of professional quality of life among nurses in the department of hematology and oncology in tertiary grade A children's hospitals, so as to provide some reference for improving the professional quality of life among nurses in the department of pediatric hematological oncology.Methods:This study was a cross-sectional study. By convenient sampling method, the General Data Scale, Professional Quality of Life Scale and Practice Environment Scale were used to investigate 205 nurses in the department of hematology and oncology in 4 tertiary grade A children's hospitals. Influencing factors of professional quality of life among nurses were analyzed by multiple linear regression.Results:Nurses in the department of pediatric hematological oncology with a low level of compassion satisfaction, high level of burnout and secondary trauma stress accounted for 21.0%(43/205), 26.3%(54/205) and 36.6%(75/205), respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that mental health counseling, family supporting and nurses participating in hospital affairs entered into the multiple regression equation of compassion satisfaction ( t=2.08, 4.21, 2.34, all P<0.05), which explained 60.3% of the total variety. Family supporting, turnover intention, sufficient manpower and materials, age and number of children entered into the multiple regression equation of burnout ( t values were -4.42-2.33, all P<0.05), which explained 55.8% of the total variety. Family supporting, sufficient manpower and materials, age entered into the multiple regression equation of secondary trauma stress ( t=-2.37, -2.22, 2.82, all P<0.05), which explained 15.3% of the total variety. Conclusions:The professional quality of life among nurses in the department of pediatric hematology and oncology needs to be improved. Nursing managers should learn from advanced management concepts, actively improve the nursing practice environment of hematology and oncology department, increase the number of nurses, encourage nurses to participate in hospital affairs, attach importance to emotional support for nurses, and carry out regular mental health counseling, continuously improve the quality of professional life of nurses.

4.
Rev. Bras. Saúde Mater. Infant. (Online) ; 23: e20220326, 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1507325

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objectives: to analyze the impact of the covid-19 pandemic on screening, diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer in Pernambuco, Northeastern Brazil. Method: cross-sectional study, based on secondary data from consultations with a mastologist, ultrasound, mammogram, biopsies, new cases, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery, carried out in women for the screening, diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer, from January to December of the years 2019 to 2021. Results: the covid-19 pandemic reduced consultations with mastology (46.3%), ultrasounds (34.8%), mammogram (41.5%), biopsy (49.6%), new cases 45.7 % and surgery 34.6% in 2020 compared to 2019. On the other hand, with the exception of consultations with a mastologist and surgeries, all services where a significant reduction was observed in 2020, increased significantly in 2021 and returned to the same level of production in the pre-pandemic period. The pandemic did not negatively affect the supply of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Conclusions: the findings of this study indicate negative impacts on breast cancer care, due to covid-19, during the first year of the pandemic, especially in consultations with a mastologist and surgery, which continued with low production in 2021. It is reasonable to assume that the reduction observed in procedures may reflect an increase in late diagnoses and a higher mortality rate in the coming years


Resumo Objetivos: analisar o impacto da pandemia da covid-19 nos atendimentos para rastreamento, diagnóstico e tratamento do câncer de mama em Pernambuco, Nordeste do Brasil. Métodos: estudo transversal, com base em dados secundários de consultas com mastologista, ultrassonografia, mamografia, biópsias, casos novos, quimioterapia, radioterapia e cirurgia, realizadas em mulheres para o rastreamento, diagnóstico e tratamento do câncer de mama, de janeiro a dezembro dos anos 2019 a 2021. Resultados: a pandemia da covid-19 reduziu as consultas com a mastologia (46,3%), ultrassonografias (34,8%), mamografia (41,5%), biópsia (49,6%), casos novos 45,7% e cirurgia 34,6% no ano de 2020 em relação ao ano de 2019. Por outro lado, com exceção das consultas com mastologista e cirurgias, todos os serviços onde se observou redução significativa em 2020, aumentaram significativamente em 2021 e voltaram ao patamar de produção do período pré-pandemia. A pandemia não afetou negativamente a oferta de quimioterapia e radioterapia. Conclusões: os achados deste estudo apontam impactos negativos na atenção ao câncer de mama, em decorrência da covid-19, durante o primeiro ano da pandemia, sobretudo nas consultas com mastologista e cirurgia, que continuaram com baixa produção em 2021. É razoável supor que a redução constatada nos procedimentos poderá refletir em um aumento de diagnósticos tardios e maior taxa de mortalidades nos próximos anos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis , Breast Neoplasms/therapy , COVID-19/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Medical Records , Oncology Service, Hospital
5.
Rev. panam. salud pública ; 47: e140, 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1522110

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective. The DoTT (Decreasing Time to Therapy) project aimed to minimize the interval between fever onset and medical interventions for children with febrile neutropenia. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of implementing the DoTT project on the hospital time to antibiotic (TTA) and patient time to arrival (PTA) at the hospital in children with febrile neutropenia admitted to the emergency department. Methods. The DoTT project was implemented at a Peruvian hospital and followed the World Health Organization (WHO) multimodal improvement strategy model. Components included creating a healthcare delivery bundle and antibiotic selection pathways, training users of the bundle and pathways, monitoring patient outcomes and obtaining user feedback, encouraging use of the new system, and promoting the integration of DoTT into the institutional culture. Emergency room providers were trained in the care delivery for children with cancer and fever and taught to use the bundle and pathways. DoTT was promoted via pamphlets and posters, with a view to institutionalizing the concept and disseminating it to other hospital services. Results. Admission data for 129 eligible patients in our registry were analyzed. The TTA and PTA were compared before and after the DoTT intervention. The median TTA was 146 minutes (interquartile range [IQR] 97-265 minutes) before the intervention in 99 patients, and 69 minutes (IQR 50-120 minutes) afterwards in 30 patients (p < 0.01). The median PTA was reduced from 1 483 minutes at baseline to 660 minutes after the intervention (p < 0.01). Conclusions. Applying the WHO multimodal improvement strategy model to the care of children with febrile neutropenia arriving at the hospital had a positive impact on the PTA and TTA, thus potentially increasing the survival of these patients.


RESUMEN Objetivo. El proyecto DoTT (Disminuyendo el tiempo a la terapia, sigla en inglés) busca minimizar el intervalo entre el inicio de la fiebre y las intervenciones médicas en la población infantil con neutropenia febril. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el efecto de la implementación del proyecto DoTT sobre el tiempo transcurrido desde el inicio de la fiebre hasta la llegada del paciente (TLP) al hospital y el tiempo transcurrido en el hospital hasta la administración del antibiótico (TAA) en niños con neutropenia febril ingresados en el servicio de urgencias. Métodos. El proyecto DoTT se puso en marcha en un hospital peruano, según el modelo de estrategia multimodal de mejora de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS). Entre sus componentes se encontraban crear un conjunto de servicios de atención de salud y de algoritmos para la selección de antibióticos; capacitar a los usuarios en la utilización del conjunto de servicios y de los algoritmos; realizar un seguimiento de los resultados de los pacientes y recabar la opinión de los usuarios; fomentar el uso del nuevo sistema; y promover la integración del proyecto en la cultura institucional. Se capacitó al personal de la sala de urgencias en la atención de pacientes pediátricos con cáncer y fiebre, y en el uso del conjunto de servicios y de los algoritmos. Se informó sobre el proyecto DoTT mediante folletos y carteles, con vistas a institucionalizar el concepto y difundirlo a otros servicios hospitalarios. Resultados. Se analizaron los datos de ingreso de 129 pacientes de nuestro registro que cumplían con los requisitos. Se compararon el TAA y el TLP al hospital antes y después de la intervención con las pautas del proyecto DoTT. La mediana del TAA fue de 146 minutos (intervalo intercuartílico [II]: 97-265 minutos) en 99 pacientes antes de la intervención y de 69 minutos (II: 50-120 minutos) en 30 pacientes después de ella (p <0,01). La mediana del TLP disminuyó de 1 483 minutos en el momento de la evaluación inicial a 660 minutos después de la intervención (p <0,01). Conclusiones. La aplicación del modelo de estrategia multimodal de mejora de la OMS a la atención de la población infantil con neutropenia febril que acude al hospital tuvo un efecto positivo sobre el TLP y el TAA, lo que podría aumentar la supervivencia de estos pacientes.


RESUMO Objetivo. O projeto DoTT (Redução do Tempo para o Tratamento, na sigla em inglês) tem como objetivo reduzir ao máximo o intervalo entre o início da febre e as intervenções médicas em crianças com neutropenia febril. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar o efeito da implementação do projeto DoTT no tempo desde o início da febre até a chegada do paciente (TCP) ao hospital e no tempo no hospital até a administração de antibióticos (TAA) em crianças com neutropenia febril admitidas no departamento de emergência. Métodos. O projeto DoTT foi implementado em um hospital do Peru e seguiu o modelo de estratégia de melhoria multimodal da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS). Os componentes incluíram a criação de um pacote de prestação de serviços de saúde e de protocolos de seleção de antibióticos, o treinamento de usuários no pacote e nos protocolos de seleção, o monitoramento da evolução dos pacientes e obtenção de feedback dos usuários, o incentivo ao uso do novo sistema e a promoção da integração do DoTT à cultura institucional. Os profissionais do pronto-socorro foram capacitados na prestação de cuidados a crianças com câncer e febre e no uso do pacote e dos protocolos de seleção. O DoTT foi divulgado por meio de panfletos e pôsteres, com o objetivo de institucionalizar o conceito e disseminá-lo para outros serviços hospitalares. Resultados. Foram analisados os dados de internação de 129 pacientes elegíveis em nosso registro. O TAA e o TCP foram comparados antes e depois da intervenção DoTT. O TAA mediano era de 146 minutos (intervalo interquartil: 97-265 minutos) antes da intervenção em 99 pacientes e de 69 minutos (intervalo interquartil: 50-120 minutos) depois da intervenção em 30 pacientes (p < 0,01). O TCP mediano diminuiu de 1483 minutos na linha de base para 660 minutos após a intervenção (p < 0,01). Conclusão. A aplicação do modelo de estratégia multimodal de melhoria da OMS ao atendimento de crianças com neutropenia febril que chegam ao hospital teve um impacto positivo no TCP e no TAA, potencialmente aumentando a sobrevida desses pacientes.

6.
MedUNAB ; 25(3): [385-396], 01-12-2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1437206

ABSTRACT

Introducción. El principal reto en la atención del cáncer durante la pandemia causada por la COVID-19 fue asegurar la oportunidad en el diagnóstico y tratamiento a cerca de 100,000 casos nuevos de cáncer al año en Colombia. El objetivo de esta investigación fue conocer la respuesta de las Instituciones Prestadoras de Servicios de Salud sobre su gestión en los servicios para la atención de la patología oncológica en el primer semestre del año 2020. Metodología. Estudio descriptivo y transversal tipo encuesta sobre la caracterización de los pacientes oncológicos con COVID-19, la capacidad instalada, la atención integral del cáncer, la implementación de telesalud/telemedicina y el apoyo institucional durante la pandemia. Participaron veinticinco prestadores con servicio de cirugía oncológica y quimioterapia o radioterapia. Resultados. El 56% de prestadores reportó pacientes oncológicos con COVID-19. Todos reportaron cambios de gestión en la capacidad resolutiva ante la pandemia: el 76% acondicionó infraestructura y dispositivos, el 84% adoptó la telesalud/telemedicina y el 92% recibió asistencia en planes de acción. El 48% de las instituciones prestadoras evidenciaron una disminución en el tamizaje de cáncer. Discusión. Este estudio evidencia que la emergencia de la pandemia obligó a apresurar los esfuerzos de infraestructura y recursos en las entidades oncológicas de Colombia. Los resultados obtenidos en la disminución de tamización de cáncer a nivel nacional se equiparán con los datos reportados por distintos países, incluyendo la región de las Américas. Conclusión. Los hallazgos evidencian la necesidad de mejorar la capacidad de respuesta del sistema de salud en escenarios de emergencia sanitaria que eviten el retraso en la atención y las acciones en salud pública del cáncer.


Introduction. The main challenge in cancer care during the COVID-19 pandemic was to ensure the timelines of diagnosis and treatment of nearly 100,000 new cancer cases per year in Colombia. The objective of this research was to know the response of the Health Service Provider Institutions on their management of services for cancer care in the first semester of the year 2020. Methodology. Descriptive, cross-sectional, survey-type study on the characterization of cancer patients with COVID-19, installed capacity, comprehensive cancer care, telehealth/telemedicine implementation, and institutional support during the pandemic. Twenty-five providers with oncological surgery and chemotherapy or radiotherapy services participated. Results. Fifty-six percent of providers reported cancer patients with COVID-19. Everyone reported management changes in pandemic response capacity: 76% upgraded infrastructure and devices, 84% adopted telehealth/telemedicine and 92% received assistance in action plans. Forty-eight percent of the provider institutions showed a decrease in cancer screening. Discussion. This study shows that the emergency of the pandemic forced to rush the efforts of infrastructure and resources in the oncological entities of Colombia. The results obtained in the decrease of cancer screening nationally will be equated with the data reported by different countries, including the Americas region. Conclusion. The findings show the need to improve the response capacity of the health care system in health emergency scenarios to avoid delays in cancer care and public health actions.


Introdução. O principal desafio no tratamento do câncer durante a pandemia causada pelo COVID-19 foi garantir oportunidade no diagnóstico e tratamento de quase 100,000 novos casos de câncer por ano na Colômbia. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi conhecer a resposta das Instituições Prestadoras de Serviços de Saúde sobre sua gestão nos serviços para atendimento de patologia oncológica no primeiro semestre do ano de 2020. Metodologia. Estudo descritivo e transversal do tipo enquete sobre caracterização de pacientes oncológicos com COVID-19, capacidade instalada, atenção integral ao câncer, implantação de telessaúde/telemedicina e apoio institucional durante a pandemia. Participaram vinte e cinco prestadores de serviços de cirurgia oncológica e quimioterapia ou radioterapia. Resultados. 56% dos provedores relataram pacientes oncológicos com COVID-19. Todos relataram mudanças de gestão na capacidade de resposta diante da pandemia: 76% adaptaram infraestrutura e dispositivos, 84% adotaram telessaúde/telemedicina e 92% receberam assistência em planos de ação. 48% das instituições prestadoras apresentaram uma diminuição no rastreamento do câncer. Discussão. Este estudo mostra que a emergência da pandemia obrigou a acelerar os esforços de infraestrutura e recursos nas entidades oncológicas da Colômbia. Os resultados obtidos na redução do rastreamento do câncer em nível nacional são equivalentes com os dados relatados por diferentes países, incluindo a região das Américas. Conclusão. Os achados mostram a necessidade de melhorar a capacidade de resposta do sistema de saúde em cenários de emergência sanitária que evitem atrasos no atendimento e nas ações de saúde pública para o câncer.


Subject(s)
Oncology Service, Hospital , COVID-19 , Cancer Care Facilities , Telemedicine , Health Services , Neoplasms
7.
Rev. panam. salud pública ; 46: e121, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1450211

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective. To assess the characteristics, self-reported tobacco use, knowledge, and perceptions about smoking cessation among cancer care providers (CCPs), as well as perceived barriers to inform interventions that can potentially improve quitting rates and the prognosis of cancer patients in Latin America. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 996 CCPs in six cancer institutions located in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru. An online survey consisting of 28 close-ended questions adapted from the 2012 International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer survey and the Global Adult Tobacco Survey was administered. Results. The majority of CCPs, ranging from 86.1% in Mexico to 95.9% in Brazil, agreed or strongly agreed that smoking cessation should be integrated into cancer treatment. However, inadequate training on smoking cessation was reported by 66.9%, 69.4%, 70.4%, 72.9%, 85.8%, and 86.4% in Mexico, Colombia (Floridablanca), Argentina, Peru, Brazil, and Colombia (Medellín), respectively, and this difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Moreover, current cigarette smoking prevalence among CCPs was 2.5% in Brazil, 4.6% in Peru, 6.3% in Colombia (Floridablanca), 10.4% in Colombia (Medellín), 11.5% in Mexico, and 15.1% in Argentina, showing a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001). Conclusions. Efforts in Latin America should be geared toward assisting CCPs with their quitting efforts and training in smoking cessation practices aimed at achieving a better prognosis and improving cancer patients' quality of life.


RESUMEN Objetivo. Evaluar entre los prestadores de atención a pacientes con cáncer las características, el consumo de tabaco referido por la misma persona, sus conocimientos y sus impresiones acerca de dejar de fumar, así como los obstáculos percibidos, para sustentar las intervenciones que puedan mejorar las tasas de abandono del consumo y el pronóstico de los pacientes con cáncer en América Latina. Métodos. Se realizó un estudio transversal con 996 prestadores de atención oncológica en seis instituciones oncológicas ubicadas en Argentina, Brasil, Colombia, México y Perú. Se realizó una encuesta en línea con 28 preguntas cerradas adaptadas de la encuesta de la Asociación Internacional para el Estudio del Cáncer de Pulmón del 2012 y la Encuesta Mundial de Tabaquismo en Adultos. Resultados. La mayoría de los prestadores de atención oncológica, del 86,1% en México al 95,9% en Brasil, estuvieron de acuerdo o muy de acuerdo con que el abandono del tabaco debería integrarse en el tratamiento del cáncer. Sin embargo, 66,9%, 69,4%, 70,4%, 72,9%, 85,8% y 86,4% en México, Colombia (Floridablanca), Argentina, Perú, Brasil y Colombia (Medellín), respectivamente, dieron parte de una formación inadecuada en cuanto al abandono del tabaco, y esta diferencia fue estadísticamente significativa (p < 0,001). Además, la prevalencia actual del consumo de tabaco entre los proveedores de atención oncológica fue de 2,5% en Brasil, 4,6% en Perú, 6,3% en Colombia (Floridablanca), 10,4 % en Colombia (Medellín), 11,5% en México y 15,1% en Argentina, y mostró una diferencia estadísticamente significativa (p < 0,001). Conclusiones. En América Latina, deben canalizarse los esfuerzos para ayudar a los prestadores de atención oncológica a abandonar el consumo de tabaco y apoyarlos en la capacitación acerca de las prácticas de abandono del tabaco dirigidas a lograr un pronóstico más favorable y mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes con cáncer.


RESUMO Objetivo. Avaliar as características, o uso autorrelatado de tabaco, o conhecimento e as percepções sobre o abandono do tabagismo entre os profissionais da área de oncologia (PAO), bem como as barreiras percebidas, a fim de guiar intervenções que possam melhorar as taxas de abandono e o prognóstico de pacientes com câncer na América Latina. Métodos. Realizou-se um estudo transversal com 996 PAO em seis instituições de oncologia localizadas na Argentina, no Brasil, na Colômbia, no México e no Peru. Administrou-se uma pesquisa on-line com 28 perguntas fechadas, adaptadas do levantamento realizado em 2012 pela Associação Internacional para o Estudo do Câncer de Pulmão e do Global Adult Tobacco Survey (Levantamento Global do Tabagismo em Adultos). Resultados. A maioria dos PAO, variando de 86,1% (no México) a 95,9% (no Brasil), concordou parcial ou totalmente com a necessidade de integrar o abandono do tabagismo ao tratamento do câncer. Entretanto, o treinamento inadequado sobre o abandono do tabagismo foi relatado por 66,9% no México, 69,4% na Colômbia (Floridablanca), 70,4% na Argentina, 72,9% no Peru, 85,8% no Brasil e 86,4% na Colômbia (Medellín), e essa diferença foi estatisticamente significante (p < 0,001). Além disso, a prevalência atual de consumo de cigarro entre os PAO foi de 2,5% no Brasil, 4,6% no Peru, 6,3% na Colômbia (Floridablanca), 10,4% na Colômbia (Medellín), 11,5% no México, e 15,1% na Argentina, mostrando uma diferença estatisticamente significante (p < 0,001). Conclusões. Os esforços na América Latina devem ser direcionados para o auxílio aos PAO em seus esforços de abandonar o tabagismo e para o treinamento sobre métodos para abandono do tabagismo, com o objetivo de melhorar o prognóstico e a qualidade de vida dos pacientes com câncer.

8.
Pesqui. bras. odontopediatria clín. integr ; 22: e210211, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1386801

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To describe the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on dental care provided to pediatric cancer patients assisted in a referral hospital. Material and Methods: This is an observational, retrospective study based on secondary data extracted from worksheets of dental procedures for patients aged between 0 and 19 years assisted in the pediatric oncology sector of a hospital in João Pessoa, PB, Brazil. Dental procedures performed by the interdisciplinary team of researchers from August 2018 to February 2020 (19 months prior to the pandemic) and from April 2020 to October 2021 (19 months during the pandemic) were totaled and compared. A descriptive analysis of the data was performed. Results: There was a reduction of 80.2% in dental interventions implemented in the sector during the pandemic, with the number of procedures decreasing from 6,210 (the period before the pandemic) to 1,229 (during the pandemic). Most procedures in both periods were performed for patients assisted in beds, for whom there was a reduction of care provided for 81.2% from 5,275 to 994 procedures. Dental procedures in the outpatient clinic decreased by 74.9%, from 935 to 235. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted dental care provided to pediatric oncology patients by restricting dental procedures to emergency demands, compromising performance prevention and health promotion actions.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Oral Health , Dental Care , Oncology Service, Hospital , COVID-19/transmission , Brazil/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Data Interpretation, Statistical
9.
Enferm. univ ; 18(3): 296-313, jul.-sep. 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1506190

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción El trabajo desempeñado por personal de centros oncológicos genera impacto sobre ellos debido a situaciones a las que se ven expuestos, esto puede trascender en su calidad de vida. Objetivo Determinar la relación entre las variables biodemográficas, laborales, riesgos psicosociales, carga mental de trabajo y calidad de vida relacionada con salud en trabajadores de servicios oncológicos. Métodos Estudio correlacional en 113 trabajadores de servicios oncológicos de cuatro hospitales chilenos. Cuestionarios aplicados: Variables biodemográficas y laborales, Calidad de Vida Relacionada con Salud SF-36, Evaluación de riesgos psicosociales SUSESO-ISTAS 21 y Escala subjetiva de carga mental de trabajo. Resultados Variables sexo y turnos laborales presentaron correlación significativa con algún componente de la calidad de vida (p <0.05). Consulta médica (p <0.01), licencia médica (p <0.01) y problema de salud diagnosticado (p <0.05) manifestaron bajos niveles de calidad de vida. Se encontró correlación negativa tanto en los riesgos psicosociales con calidad de vida (p <0.05) como entre la carga mental de trabajo global con el componente de salud mental (p <0.01). Discusión Los trabajadores en centros oncológicos están expuestos a un mayor nivel de riesgo por las condiciones de la organización del trabajo, esto representan un riesgo a su salud. Conclusión Existe asociación entre algunas variables biodemográficas y laborales, riesgos psicosociales y carga mental con la calidad de vida relacionada con salud en trabajadores de servicios de oncología de hospitales públicos chilenos. Las organizaciones deberían implementar estrategias que permitan detectar y prevenir la exposición a riesgos psicosociales y sobrecarga mental de trabajo.


ABSTRACT Introduction The activities which workers carry out in centers of oncology can have importants impacts on their quality of life. Objective To determine the associations among biodemographical and work-related variables, psychosocial risks, work-related mental load, and health-related quality of life among workers of services of oncology. Methods This is a correlational study with 113 workers of oncology services in 4 hospitals in Chile. The questionnaires used were: Biodemographical and work-related variables, Health-Related Quality of Life SF-36, Assessment of psychosocial risks SUSESO-ISTAS 21, and the Subjective scale of mental load from work. Results The variables sex and working shifts showed a significant correlation with some components of quality of life (p <0.05), medical consultation (p <0.01), medial license (p <0.01), and diagnosed health problems (p <0.05) showed low levels in quality of life. A negative correlation was found in psychosocial risks with quality of life (p <0.05), and mental load and mental health (p <0.01). Discussion Workers in centers of oncology have a higher health risk as a result of the conditions of their jobs. Conclusion There are associations among some biodemographical and work-related variables, psychosocial risks, mental load, and health-related quality of life, in terms of health among workers in services of oncology in public hospitals of Chile. Organizations should implement strategies aimed at detecting and preventing exposure to psychosocial risks and mental overload.


RESUMO Introdução O trabalho realizado pelos funcionários do centro oncológico gera impacto neles devido às situações a que estão expostos, isso pode transcender na sua qualidade de vida. Objetivo Determinar a relação entre variáveis biodemográficas, laborais, riscos psicossociais, carga mental de trabalho e qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde em trabalhadores de serviços de oncologia. Métodos Estudo correlacional em 113 trabalhadores de serviços oncológicos de quatro hospitais chilenos. Questionários aplicados: Variáveis biodemográficas e laborais, Qualidade de Vida Relacionada à Saúde SF-36, Avaliação de riscos psicossociais SUSESO-ISTAS 21 e Escala de carga mental subjetiva. Resultados As variáveis sexo e turnos de trabalho apresentaram correlação significativa com algum componente da qualidade de vida (p <0.05). Consulta médica (p <0.01), licença médica (p <0.01) e problema de saúde diagnosticado (p <0.05) apresentaram baixos níveis de qualidade de vida. Foi encontrada correlação negativa tanto nos riscos psicossociais com a qualidade de vida (p <0.05) quanto entre a carga de trabalho mental geral e o componente de saúde mental (p <0.01). Discussão Os trabalhadores dos centros oncológicos estão expostos a um maior nível de risco devido às condições de organização do trabalho, o que representa um risco para a sua saúde. Conclusão Existe associação entre algumas variáveis biodemográficas e laborais, riscos psicossociais e carga de trabalho mental com a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde em trabalhadores de serviços de oncologia de hospitais públicos chilenos. As organizações devem implementar estratégias para detectar e prevenir a exposição a riscos psicossociais e sobrecarga mental de trabalho.

10.
Arch. méd. Camaguey ; 25(4): e8304, 2021. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1339124

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Fundamento : el carcinoma diferenciado de tiroides representa la neoplasia maligna más frecuente en endocrinología, su presentación clínica y diagnóstico se han modificado gracias a la disponibilidad de herramientas tales como el ultrasonido tiroideo y la biopsia por aspiración con aguja fina. Objetivo : caracterizar de forma clínica ultrasonográfica e histológica el cáncer de tiroides. Métodos : se realizó un estudio transversal y descriptivo en pacientes atendidos en el Hospital General Docente Abel Santamaría Cuadrado de la provincia Pinar del Río desde el 1ro enero de 2016 hasta el 31 diciembre de 2019. El universo de estudio quedó constituido por 119 pacientes y la muestra por 91 seleccionados a través de un muestreo probabilístico aleatorio simple. Los datos se obtuvieron de las historias clínicas. Para el análisis de la información se utilizó el sistema estadístico Statistical Package for Social Sciences, se confeccionó una base de datos en Excel, se aplicó análisis univariado de carácter descriptivo, se utilizaron estadígrafos descriptivos como la distribución de frecuencias absoluta y relativa. Se utilizó la prueba no paramétrica Chi cuadrado para datos cualitativos con un nivel de significación del 95 % (p<0,05). Resultados : en la serie predominó el sexo femenino y grupo etareo de 50-59 años de edad, los afectados de piel blanca, sobrepesos y obesos. El bocio, las microcalcificaciones y los bordes mal definidos fueron los factores de riesgo asociados a la malignidad con significación estadística. El carcinoma papilar tiroideo resultó el más común. Conclusiones : el diagnóstico del carcinoma tiroideo es complejo y su conducta tiene un enfoque multidisciplinario, existen elementos clínicos-epidemiológicos, imagenológicos e histológicos para diagnosticar el mismo.


ABSTRACT Background : differentiated thyroid carcinoma represents the most frequent malignant neoplasm in endocrinology; its clinical presentation and diagnosis have been modified thanks to the availability of tools such as thyroid ultrasound and fine needle aspiration biopsy. Objective : to characterize the thyroid cancer in a clinically ultrasound-graphical and histological way. Methods : a cross-sectional and descriptive study was carried out in patients treated in the Oncology and Endocrinology services of the Abel Santamaría Cuadrado Hospital in the Pinar del Río province in the period from January 2016 to December 2019. The universe of the study consisted of 119 patients and the sample of 91 selected through a simple random probability sampling. Data were obtained from medical records. For the information analysis, the Statistical Package for Social Sciences was used, an Excel database was created, a descriptive univariate analysis was applied, and descriptive statistics such as the absolute and relative frequency distribution were used. The non-parametric Chi square test was used for qualitative data with a significance level of 95% (p <0.05). Results : in the series predominated the female sex and etareo-group of 50 t 59 year of age, those with white skin, overweight and obese predominated in the series. The goiter, micro-calcifications, and poorly defined borders were the risk factors most associated with malignancy. Papillary thyroid carcinoma was the most common. Conclusions : the diagnosis of the thyroid carcinoma is complex and its conduct has a multidisciplinary approach, there are clinical-epidemiological, imaging and histological elements to diagnose thyroid cancer.

11.
Int. braz. j. urol ; 47(2): 378-385, Mar.-Apr. 2021. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1154455

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Introduction: The rapid spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has dramatic effects on individuals and health care systems. In our institute, a tertiary oncologic public hospital with high surgical volume, we prioritize maintaining cancer treatment as well as possible. The aim of this study is to evaluate if uro-oncological surgeries at pandemic are safe. Materials and Methods: We evaluated patients who underwent uro-oncological procedures. Epidemiological data, information on COVID-19 infection related to surgery and clinical characteristics of non-survival operative patients with COVID-19 infections were analyzed. Results: From 213 patients analyzed, Covid-19 symptoms were noticed in 8 patients at preoperative process or at hospital admission postponing operation; 161 patients were submitted to elective surgery and 44 to emergency surgery. From patients submitted to elective surgeries, we had 1 patient with laboratory confirmation of COVID-19 (0,6%), with mild symptoms and quick discharge. From the urgencies group, we had 6(13%) patients tested positive; 5 were taken to ICU with 4 deaths. Conclusion: Elective uro-oncological procedures at the COVID-19 epidemic period in a COVID-19-free Institute are safe, and patients who need urgent procedures, with a long period of hospitalization, need special care to avoid COVID-19 infection and its outcomes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Urology/statistics & numerical data , Pandemics , Surgical Oncology/statistics & numerical data , COVID-19 , Brazil/epidemiology
12.
Rev. bras. enferm ; 74(4): e20201169, 2021.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1288375

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the perceptions of teamwork according to professionals of an oncohematology unit. Methods: this is an exploratory study/qualitative approach. Nineteen health professionals from the oncohematology unit of a public teaching hospital participated. Data collection took place through semi-structured interviews, from September to December 2018. Data analysis followed Content Analysis, thematic modality, and the work process theoretical framework. Results: two categories emerged: Cooperative behavior of professionals from an oncohematology unit, revealing meanings of teamwork and its facilitating/hindering factors in the unit, and Composition, characteristics and management of the unit, presenting teamwork in the perspective of organization/dynamics of work at the unit, material instruments, qualification/training, team composition and organizational management. Final considerations: there is a need for management to know and better understand the work of workers and their difficulties, providing psychological support to the team.


RESUMEN Objetivo: identificar las percepciones del trabajo en equipo según los profesionales de una unidad de oncohematología. Métodos: estudio exploratorio/abordaje cualitativo. Participaron 19 profesionales de la salud de la unidad de oncohematología de un hospital universitario público. La recolección de datos se realizó a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas, de septiembre a diciembre de 2018. El análisis de los datos siguió el Análisis de Contenido, la modalidad temática y el marco teórico del proceso de trabajo. Resultados: surgieron dos categorías temáticas: Comportamiento cooperativo de los profesionales de la unidad de oncohematología, revelando significados del trabajo en equipo y sus factores facilitadores/obstaculizadores en la unidad, y Composición, características y gestión de la unidad, presentando el trabajo en equipo en la perspectiva de la organización/dinámica. de trabajo en la unidad, instrumentos materiales, cualificación/formación, composición del equipo y gestión organizativa. Consideraciones finales: existe la necesidad de que la gerencia comprenda y comprenda mejor el trabajo de los agentes y sus dificultades, brindando apoyo psicológico al equipo.


RESUMO Objetivo: identificar as percepções do trabalho em equipe segundo os profissionais de uma unidade de oncohematologia. Métodos: estudo exploratório/abordagem qualitativa. Participaram 19 profissionais de saúde da unidade de oncohematologia de um hospital público de ensino. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, de setembro a dezembro de 2018. Análise de dados seguiu a Análise de Conteúdo, modalidade temática, e o referencial teórico de processo de trabalho. Resultados: emergiram duas categorias temáticas: Comportamento cooperativo dos profissionais da unidade de oncohematologia, revelando significados do trabalho em equipe e seus fatores facilitadores/dificultadores na unidade, e Composição, características e gestão da unidade, apresentando o trabalho em equipe na perspectiva da organização/dinâmica do trabalho na unidade, instrumentos materiais, capacitação/treinamento, composição da equipe e gestão organizacional. Considerações finais: destaca-se necessidade de a gestão conhecer e entender melhor o trabalho dos agentes e suas dificuldades, disponibilizando o amparo psicológico à equipe.

13.
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1287492

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To analyze the distribution of childhood cancer in Brazil and the time between the diagnosis and the start of treatment, according to hospital-based cancer registries (2010-2016). Material and Methods: This was an observational descriptive study using secondary data (36,187 records) from hospital databases of the National Cancer Institute (INCA) and the Onco-center Foundation of São Paulo (FOSP). Epidemiological data were obtained, and compliance with Federal Law 12,732/12 was verified, which establishes a maximum period of 60 days to start cancer therapy after the diagnosis. Absolute and percent frequencies, central tendency and dispersion measures, and the coefficient of prevalence of childhood cancer were calculated. Results: The mean age of the pediatric patients was 9.3 years (± 6.2); 54.1% (n=19,586) of them were males; 32.0% (n=11,440) were aged 0 to 4 years; and 43.4% (n=11,338) had a self-reported mixed-race skin color. The Southeast region of Brazil accounted for 40.2% (n=14,564) of the cases, of which 63.0% (n=9,178) corresponded to solid neoplasms, as opposed to the North region, where hematological neoplasms prevailed (53.9%, n=1,535). Most registered patients aged 0 to 19 years were treated in 60 days or less (77%, n=27,929). However, for 24.0% (n = 2,207) of adolescents (15 to 19 years) this time was more than 60 days after the diagnosis. Conclusion: The characteristics related to childhood cancer varied across the Brazilian geographic regions, and most patients were properly treated within the time enforced by law.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Brazil/epidemiology , Hospital Information Systems/statistics & numerical data , Oncology Service, Hospital , Hematologic Neoplasms , Medical Oncology , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Diagnosis , Observational Studies as Topic/methods
14.
Rev. bras. enferm ; 74(1): e20200200, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1155933

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the production of scientific articles about the pharmacological and non-pharmacological management of delirium in adult hospitalized cancer patients. Methods: integrative review whose sample was obtained from the databases Scopus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, EMBASE, Web of Science, and from the portals Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, and PubMed. Results: among the ten studies analyzed, 80% described exclusively the pharmacological management, especially with regard to the use of haloperidol; 20% mentioned, superficially, non-pharmacological interventions/actions (educational actions) associated to pharmacological management, and adjusting them could result in the diminution and control of psychomotor agitation, contributing for the safety and comfort of the patient. Conclusions: there are few studies addressing pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions/actions to manage delirium. As a result, it is essential to develop studies focused on increasing and advancing scientific knowledge with regard to the theme, especially in the national context.


RESUMEN Objetivos: analizar la producción de artículos científicos sobre el manejo farmacológico y no farmacológico del delirium en pacientes oncológicos adultos hospitalizados. Métodos: revisión integrativa cuya muestra ha sido obtenida en las bases de datos Scopus, The Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, EMBASE, Web of Science y en los portales Biblioteca Virtual en Salud y PubMed. Resultados: entre los diez estudios analizados, 80% describieron exclusivamente el manejo farmacológico, predominando el uso del fármaco haloperidol; 20% citaron, superficialmente, intervenciones/acciones no farmacológicas (acciones educativas) relacionadas al manejo farmacológico cuya adecuación podría resultar en reducción y control de la agitación psicomotora, contribuyendo para seguridad y comodidad del paciente. Conclusiones: hay escasez de estudios abordando intervenciones/acciones de manejo farmacológico y no farmacológico del delirium. Se vuelve imprescindible el desarrollo de estudios con enfoque en la ampliación y progresión del conocimiento científico relacionado a la temática en cuestión, especialmente en el contexto nacional.


RESUMO Objetivos: analisar a produção de artigos científicos sobre o manejo farmacológico e não farmacológico do delirium em pacientes oncológicos adultos hospitalizados. Métodos: revisão integrativa cuja amostra foi obtida nas bases de dados Scopus, The Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, EMBASE, Web of Science e nos portais Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde e PubMed. Resultados: dentre os dez estudos analisados, 80% descreveram exclusivamente o manejo farmacológico, predominando o uso do fármaco haloperidol; 20% citaram, superficialmente, intervenções/ações não farmacológicas (ações educativas) associadas ao manejo farmacológico cuja adequação poderia resultar em redução e controle da agitação psicomotora, contribuindo para segurança e conforto do paciente. Conclusões: há escassez de estudos abordando intervenções/ações de manejo farmacológico e não farmacológico do delirium. Torna-se imprescindível o desenvolvimento de estudos com foco na ampliação e progressão do conhecimento científico relacionado à temática em questão, notadamente no contexto nacional.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Delirium , Delirium/drug therapy , Hospitals
15.
Curitiba; s.n; 20201208. 81 p. ilus, graf.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1222436

ABSTRACT

O testemunho da morte é compreendido como o momento em que a pessoa vê a morte do outro e como o sentido atribuído se relaciona à história de vida, às vivências e aprendizagens. Este estudo tem como objetivo conhecer o testemunho da pessoa com câncer frente a morte no ambiente hospitalar. Trata-se de um estudo de natureza qualitativa, de abordagem descritiva, vinculado ao projeto "Construindo processos de cuidado na interface do cuidar em situações de enfermidade grave", inserido na linha de pesquisa Processo de Cuidar em Saúde e Enfermagem, realizado em um hospital oncológico do Sul do Brasil. Os participantes foram 27 pacientes adultos e idosos com câncer, internados para investigação da doença, tratamento químio/radioterápico ou controle de sinais e sintomas. A coleta de dados foi realizada entre dezembro de 2019 e março de 2020, com a caracterização dos participantes e o testemunho da morte, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas. As entrevistas foram audiogravadas, transcritas, organizadas no software Word e posteriormente analisadas e classificadas com o auxílio do software Iramuteq. Para análise das classes, utilizou-se o método de análise de conteúdo de Creswell. Os resultados evidenciaram que, dos 27 participantes, 19 eram adultos com 20 a 59 anos; 16, do sexo feminino; 14 testemunharam de um a três óbitos e os demais, mais de quatro óbitos. Na análise das entrevistas, surgiram cinco classes, que foram sistematizadas por representações gráficas, emergindo três categorias principais: testemunho da morte para pacientes oncológicos hospitalizados; significado da morte para pacientes oncológicos hospitalizados; e atuação da equipe de enfermagem frente à morte na perspectiva do paciente com câncer. A pessoa com câncer, ao testemunhar a morte do outro, percebe o evento de forma positiva ou não, a partir do momento em que ele desperta pensamentos sobre si mesmo diante da morte, experienciando a insegurança, medo e pensamentos tristes, compreendendo a morte como um evento angustiante, triste e ruim. Quando a morte do outro foi descrita como tranquila e serena, os participantes a perceberam como positiva, mobilizando forças para lutar pela vida e contra a doença. Para alguns, a morte surge como algo natural, tendo sido normalizado a partir das diversas mortes presenciadas, ou pelo pensamento de que nada pode ser feito. Quanto ao significado da morte, esta foi referida como uma mudança, algo melhor que o sofrimento, um alívio tanto para o paciente quanto para a família. Alguns participantes criam barreiras para se distanciarem do que estavam vendo e percebendo e depositaram em Deus a confiança por um desfecho melhor. Em relação à atuação da equipe de enfermagem, os participantes a perceberam como rápida e discreta no processo de preparo e retirada do corpo do quarto, tendo sentido falta de apoio psicológico e emocional após testemunharem a morte. Considera-se que a forma como a morte ocorre no ambiente hospitalar pode influenciar os pacientes oncológicos em relação à morte e ao morrer; dessa forma, acredita-se que os resultados obtidos podem subsidiar a equipe de saúde no cuidado ao paciente nas unidades de internação no enfrentamento da morte e no luto vivenciado, mediante suporte emocional.


The witnessing of death is understood as the moment when the person sees the death of the other and how the meaning attributed to that moment is related to life history, experiences and learning. This study aims to know the witnessing of the person with cancer facing death in the hospital environment. It is a qualitative study, with a descriptive approach, linked to the project "Building care processes at the interface of care in situations of serious illness", inserted in the research line "Care Process in Health and Nursing", carried out in an oncological hospital in southern Brazil. The participants were 27 adult and elderly patients with cancer, hospitalized for investigation of the disease, chemotherapy/radiotherapy or control of signs and symptoms. Data collection was carried out between December 2019 and March 2020, with the characterization of the participants and the witnessing of death, through semi-structured interviews. The interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, organized in the Word software and later analyzed and classified with the aid of the Iramuteq software. For class analysis, Creswell's content analysis method was used. The results showed that, of the 27 participants, 19 were adults aged 20 to 59 years; 16, female; 14 witnessed from one to three deaths and the others, more than four deaths. In the analysis of the interviews, five classes emerged, which were systematized by graphic representations, emerging three main categories: death witnessing for hospitalized cancer patients; meaning of death for hospitalized cancer patients; and the performance of the nursing team in the face of death from the perspective of the cancer patient. The person with cancer, when witnessing the death of the other, perceives the event positively or not, from the moment it awakens thoughts about himself in the face of death, experiencing insecurity, fear and sad thoughts, understanding death as a distressing, sad and bad event. When the other's death was described as peaceful and serene, the participants perceived it as positive, mobilizing forces to fight for life and against the disease. For some, death appears as something natural, having been normalized based on the various deaths witnessed, or by the thought that nothing can be done. As for the meaning of death, it was referred to as a change, something better than suffering, a relief for both the patient and the family. Some participants created barriers to distance themselves from what they were seeing and perceiving and placed their trust in God for a better outcome. Regarding the performance of the nursing team, the participants perceived it as quick and discreet in the process of preparing and removing the body from the room, having felt a lack of psychological and emotional support after witnessing the death. It is considered that the way death occurs in the hospital environment can influence cancer patients in relation to death and dying; thus, it is believed that the results obtained can subsidize the health team in patient care in inpatient units in facing death and in the grief experienced, through emotional support.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Attitude to Death , Thanatology , Oncology Service, Hospital , Death , Neoplasms , Nursing , Medical Oncology
16.
Distúrb. comun ; 32(2): 259-269, jun. 2020. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1397021

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Descrever a atuação fonoaudiológica hospitalar no paciente oncológico disfágico. Métodos: Estudo transversal, retrospectivo, descritivo, quantitativo, desenvolvido em um hospital oncológico. A amostra foi composta por prontuários de pacientes com câncer que realizaram acompanhamento fonoaudiológico para disfagia. Foram aplicados indicadores fonoaudiológicos de disfagia e comparada a escala de ingestão de alimentação por via oral (FOIS) antes e após terapia fonoaudiológica. Resultados: A amostra contou com 400 prontuários, 189 foram incluídos no GA (grupo ambulatório) e 211 no GI (grupo internação). A média geral da idade da amostra corresponde a 60,35±12,63, sendo o predomínio de homens 263 (65,8%). Quanto às neoplasias apresentadas pelos pacientes: 247 cabeça e pescoço e 43 esôfago e estômago. No GA 143 (75,7%) pacientes melhoraram a escala FOIS pós-terapia, 33 pacientes (17,5%) mantiveram o mesmo nível e 13 pacientes (6,9%) apresentaram piora na FOIS após o processo terapêutico. No GI 103 (48,8%) pacientes melhoraram pós-terapia, 81 pacientes (38,4%) mantiveram o mesmo nível na escala, e 27 pacientes (12,8%) apresentaram piora após a terapia fonoaudiológica. Conclusão: O estabelecimento de indicadores na atuação junto ao paciente disfágico permite identificar e quantificar as melhorias dos processos assistenciais, trazendo benefícios diretos aos pacientes, auxiliando na caracterização da população atendida, otimizando e aprimorando os processos e resultados, visando o aprimoramento da qualidade dos serviços prestados, bem como redução do tempo de internação e dos custos hospitalares.


Objective: To describe hospital speech therapy in dysphagic cancer patients. Methods: Crosssectional, retrospective, descriptive, quantitative study, developed in an oncology hospital. The sample consisted of medical records of cancer patients who underwent speech therapy follow-up for dysphagia. Speech therapy indicators of dysphagia were applied and the oral food intake scale (FOIS) was compared before and after speech therapy. Results: The sample had 400 medical records, 189 were included in the GA (outpatient group) and 211 in the IG (hospitalization group). The general mean age of the sample corresponds to 60.35 ± 12.63, with a predominance of men 263 (65.8%). In relation to the neoplasms presented by the patients: 247 head and neck, and 43 esophagus and stomach. In GA 143 (75.7%) patients improved the FOIS scale after therapy, 33 patients (17.5%) maintained the same level and 13 patients (6.9%) presented worsening in FOIS after the therapeutic process. In GI 103 (48.8%) patients improved after therapy, 81 patients (38.4%) maintained the same level on the scale, and 27 patients (12.8%) presented worsening after speech therapy. Conclusion: The establishment of indicators in the performance of dysphagic patients allows identifying and quantifying improvements in care processes, bringing direct benefits to patients, assisting in the characterization of the population served, optimizing and improving processes and results, aiming at improving the quality of services, as well as reducing length of stay and hospital costs.


Objetivo: describir la logopedia hospitalaria en pacientes con cáncer de disfagia. Métodos: Estudio transversal, retrospectivo, descriptivo, cuantitativo, desarrollado en un hospital de oncología. La muestra consistió en registros médicos de pacientes con cáncer que se sometieron a terapia del habla por disfagia. Se aplicaron indicadores de disfagia a la terapia del habla y se comparó la escala de ingesta de alimentos orales (FOIS) antes y después de la terapia del habla. Resultados: La muestra tenía 400 registros médicos, 189 se incluyeron en el GA (grupo de pacientes ambulatorios) y 211 en el IG (grupo de hospitalización). La edad media general de la muestra corresponde a 60,35 ± 12,63, con predominio de hombres 263 (65,8%). En cuanto a las neoplasias presentadas por los pacientes: 247 cabeza y cuello y 43 esófago y estómago. En GA 143 (75.7%) los pacientes mejoraron la escala FOIS después de la terapia, 33 pacientes (17.5%) mantuvieron el mismo nivel y 13 pacientes (6.9%) presentaron empeoramiento en FOIS después del proceso terapéutico. En GI 103 (48.8%) los pacientes mejoraron después de la terapia, 81 pacientes (38.4%) mantuvieron el mismo nivel en la escala y 27 pacientes (12.8%) presentaron empeoramiento después de la terapia del habla. Conclusión: El establecimiento de indicadores en el trabajo con el paciente con disfagia permite identificar y cuantificar las mejoras de los procesos de atención, brindando beneficios directos a los pacientes, ayudando en la caracterización de la población atendida, optimizando y mejorando los procesos y resultados, con el objetivo de mejorar la calidad de los servicios. proporcionado, así como la reducción de la estancia hospitalaria y los costos hospitalarios.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Speech Therapy , Deglutition Disorders/rehabilitation , Oncology Service, Hospital , Quality Indicators, Health Care , Deglutition Disorders/prevention & control , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies , Head and Neck Neoplasms/complications
17.
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1135561

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To determine the occurrence and severity of oral mucositis (OM) and the factors associated with the onset of severe oral mucositis (SOM) in pediatric cancer patients. Material and Methods: This was a longitudinal and prospective study with 85 children and adolescents (aged 0 to 19 years) admitted to the Pediatric Oncology Sector of Napoleão Laureano Hospital between November 2016 and July 2019. The patients' sociodemographic and epidemiological information, as well as hematological and biochemical parameters, were obtained from their medical charts. The oral mucosa of study participants was assessed through the modified Oral Assessment Guide (OAG) at baseline and after the 2nd, 5th and 10th week of antineoplastic treatment. Data were analyzed by Chi-square test to determine the factors associated with the occurrence of SOM (p<0.05). Results: The occurrence of OM was more frequent in the 2nd (60%), 5th (40.9%) and 10th week (43.2%) of antineoplastic treatment. During the follow-up period, SOM was more frequent in the 5th week (34.7%), followed by the 2nd (32.3%) and 10th weeks (29.7%). There was no association between the occurrence of SOM and the patient's age, type of tumor, chemotherapy regimen, and hematological and biochemical parameters. Conclusion: The occurrence of oral mucositis in pediatric cancer patients was significant, especially in the 2nd week of antineoplastic treatment. Severe oral mucositis was more prevalent in the 5th week of treatment and was not associated with any of the study variables.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Stomatitis/drug therapy , Brazil/epidemiology , Oncology Service, Hospital , Mouth Mucosa/injuries , Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Chi-Square Distribution , Oral Health , Prospective Studies , Longitudinal Studies
18.
Rev. Col. Bras. Cir ; 47: e20202512, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1136558

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT This is an integrative literature review with the objective of identifying the relationship between biochemical parameters and the nutritional status of surgical patients with cancer of the gastrointestinal tract, developed in April 2019, encompassing the databases SCOPUS (Elsevier), PubMed Central® (PMC), and the Cochrane Virtual Health Library (BVS). We used the terms "Gastrointestinal Neoplasm" AND "Nutritional Status" AND "Blood Chemical Analysis" with the aid of the Academical software after the protocol validation. Out of 147 articles analyzed, seven were included in the review, as they met the inclusion criteria. There were relevant associations between biochemical parameters and nutritional status. Impaired nutritional status can negatively influence the postoperative outcome. The monitoring of interdisciplinary teams can assist in the recovery of these patients and prevent unfavorable outcomes.


RESUMO Trata-se de revisão integrativa da literatura com o objetivo de identificar a relação dos parâmetros bioquímicos com o estado nutricional de pacientes cirúrgicos com câncer do trato gastrointestinal, desenvolvida em abril de 2019, incluindo as bases de dados SCOPUS (Elsevier), PubMed Central® (PMC) e Biblioteca Cochrane: Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BIREME). Utilizou-se a associação dos descritores "Gastrointestinal Neoplasm" AND "Nutritional Status" AND "Blood Chemical Analysis" com o auxílio do Programa Academical após a validação de protocolo. Dos 147 artigos analisados, sete foram incluídos na revisão por atender os critérios de inclusão. Dentre os resultados, evidenciaram-se associações relevantes entre os parâmetros bioquímicos e o estado nutricional. Observou-se que o estado nutricional depauperado pode influenciar negativamente o desfecho pós-operatório. O acompanhamento de equipes interprofissionais pode auxiliar na recuperação desses pacientes e evitar desfechos desfavoráveis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Nutritional Status , Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/surgery
19.
Arch. Health Sci. (Online) ; 26(1): 32-36, 28/08/2019.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1046057

ABSTRACT

Introdução: O fornecimento de informações sobre o diagnóstico e tratamento do câncer é uma característica importante da assistência a pacientes acometidos por essa doença. Por isso, o instrumento EORTC QLQ-INFO25 foi desenvolvido pela European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer com o objetivo de avaliar as informações recebidas por pacientes com câncer. Objetivo: Descrever a primeira fase do processo de adaptação transcultural da versão brasileira do EORTC QLQ-INFO25. Material e Métodos: Estudo metodológico baseado no modelo universalista que focalizou as quatro primeiras etapas do processo de adaptação transcultural: avaliação das equivalências conceitual, de itens, semântica e operacional. Para tanto, foram feitas revisão da literatura, discussão com especialistas, tradução e retrotradução dos itens. Resultados:Pré-testes realizados com 24 pacientes hospitalizados revelaram que alguns itens ainda não captavam os construtos subjacentes pretendidos. Após mudanças sutis em sua redação, os itens foram compreendidos corretamente por outros 16 pacientes hospitalizados, conforme proposto pelo instrumento original. Conclusão: Os resultados indicam que a versão brasileira do EORTC QLQ-INFO25 parece promissora quando aplicada por entrevista.


Introduction: Providing information on the diagnosis and treatment of cancer is an important feature of assistance to patients suffering from this disease. Therefore, the EORTC QLQ-INFO25 instrument was developed by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer. The instrument main goal is to evaluate the information received from cancer patients. Objective:To describe the first phase of transcultural adaptation of the Brazilian version of EORTC QLQ-INFO25. Patients and Methods: Methodological study based on the universalist model which focused on the first four stages of the transcultural adaptation process: evaluation of conceptual equivalence, item, semantic and operational. We performed a revision of the literature. We have performed a discussion with experts, translation, and back translation of the items. Results: Pretest with 24 hospitalized patients revealed that some items had not sensed the intended underlying constructs. After changes have been made, the items were understood properly by another 16 hospitalized patients, as proposed by the original instrument. Conclusion: The results indicate that the Brazilian version of the EORTC QLQ-INFO25 seems promising when applied by interview.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Cross-Cultural Comparison , Surveys and Questionnaires/statistics & numerical data
20.
Rev. bras. enferm ; 72(2): 383-390, Mar.-Apr. 2019. graf
Article in English | BDENF, LILACS | ID: biblio-1003454

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: Qualitatively evaluate the operation of a palliative care service in oncology. Methodology: Qualitative study conducted in a service in southern Brazil based on a fourth generation evaluation. Between September 2014 and June 2015, 460 hours of operation were observed, and 45 semi-structured interviews and five negotiation meetings were conducted; data were analyzed using the constant comparative method. Results: Potential services are: provision of outpatient palliative care, home and inpatient care provided by a multidisciplinary and support team, meeting the patient's biological, psychological, social and spiritual needs. Study limitations: ineffective communication between clinical and surgical oncology and palliative care sectors, lack of specialized training for professionals and in interpersonal relationship issues among team members. Final Consideration: For palliative care progress in the service, some arrangements are required to enhance integrality of care.


RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar cualitativamente el desempeño de un Servicio de Cuidados Paliativos oncológico. Método: Estudio de tipo cualitativo, realizado en un servicio en la región Sur de Brasil, adoptando como referencial metodológico la evaluación de cuarta generación. Entre septiembre de 2014 y junio de 2015 se realizaron 460 horas de observación, 45 entrevistas semiestructuradas y 5 encuentros de negociación, y se analizó los datos por el método comparativo constante. Resultados: Se caracteriza el servicio por: ofrecer cuidados paliativos de tipo ambulatorio, domiciliario y de hospitalización, realizado por un personal multidisciplinario y de apoyo, lo que permite asistir a las necesidades biológicas, psicológicas, sociales y espirituales del paciente-familia. Como limitaciones se presentan: la comunicación ineficaz entre los sectores de oncología clínica/quirúrgica y de cuidados paliativos; la falta de formación especializada de los profesionales; y la dificultad en las relaciones interpersonales entre los integrantes del personal. Consideraciones Finales: Para que avancen los cuidados paliativos en el servicio, son necesarios algunos ajustes que favorezca una atención integral.


RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar qualitativamente a atuação de um Serviço de Cuidados Paliativos oncológico. Método: Estudo de abordagem qualitativa realizado em um serviço no sul do Brasil, adotando como referencial metodológico a avaliação de quarta geração. Entre setembro de 2014 e junho de 2015 foram realizadas 460 horas de observação, 45 entrevistas semiestruturadas e cinco encontros de negociação e os dados analisados com o método comparativo constante. Resultados: Constituem potencialidades do serviço: oferta de cuidados paliativos na modalidade ambulatorial, domiciliar e internamento, prestada por equipe multidisciplinar e de apoio, o que permite atendimento às necessidades biológicas, psicológicas, sociais e espirituais do paciente-família. As limitações são: comunicação ineficaz entre setor de oncologia clínica/cirúrgica e de cuidados paliativos, falta de formação especializada dos profissionais e dificuldade nas relações interpessoais entre os integrantes da equipe. Considerações Finais: Para o avanço dos cuidados paliativos no serviço, fazem-se necessários alguns arranjos que potencializem a integralidade no atendimento.


Subject(s)
Humans , Palliative Care/methods , Palliative Care/trends , Brazil , Case-Control Studies , Qualitative Research
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